Operations with Fractions

🏆Practice operations with fractions

Operations with Fractions

In this article, we will learn how to perform mathematical calculations with fractions.

More reading material:

  • Addition of fractions
  • Subtraction of fractions
  • Multiplication of fractions
  • Division of fractions
  • Comparison of fractions
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Test yourself on operations with fractions!

einstein

Solve the following exercise:

\( \frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}=\text{?} \)

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Sum of Fractions

First step: Find the common denominator

We will expand or reduce the fractions to end up with two fractions with the same denominator.
A very common way to do this is by multiplying the denominators.


Second step: Addition of the numerators

Only the numerators are added while the denominator remains unchanged.

Let's look at an example

45+23=\frac{4}{5}+\frac{2}{3}=
Solution:

First step: Obtain the common denominator

We will multiply the numerators and obtain:
1215+1015=\frac{12}{15}+\frac{10}{15}=

Second step: Add the numerators

We will obtain
2215=1715\frac{22}{15}=1\frac{7}{15}

Click here for a deeper explanation on the addition of fractions with more exercises.


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Subtraction of Fractions

First step: Find the common denominator

We will find the common denominator by expanding, simplifying, or multiplying the denominators.
We will end up with two fractions with the same denominator.


Second step: Subtraction of numerators

Only the numerators are subtracted while the denominator remains unchanged.

Let's look at an example

5812=\frac{5}{8}-\frac{1}{2}=

Solution:
First step: Find the common denominator
We will multiply the denominators and obtain:
1016816=\frac{10}{16}-\frac{8}{16}=

Second step: Subtract the numerators and reduce the denominator
216=18\frac{2}{16}=\frac{1}{8}

Click here for a more in-depth explanation on subtracting fractions with more exercises.


Do you know what the answer is?

Multiplication of Fractions

To multiply fractions, we will multiply numerator by numerator and denominator by denominator.

  • In case there is a mixed number - we will convert it into a fraction and then multiply numerator by numerator and denominator by denominator.
  • In case there is an integer - we will convert it into a fraction and then multiply numerator by numerator and denominator by denominator.
  • The commutative property works - We can change the order of the fractions within the exercise without altering the result.

Example

324×23=3\frac{2}{4} \times \frac{2}{3}=

Solution:
First, we will convert the mixed number to a fraction.

We will obtain:
144=23\frac{14}{4}=\frac{2}{3}

Now, we will multiply numerator by numerator and denominator by denominator.
We will obtain:
14×24×3=2812=2412=213\frac{14 \times 2}{4 \times 3}=\frac{28}{12}=2\frac{4}{12}=2\frac{1}{3}

Click here for a deeper explanation on fraction multiplication with more exercises.


Check your understanding

Division of Fractions

First step: Convert all the numbers in the exercise to fractions.

  • In case there is any mixed number - we will convert it into a fraction
  • In case there is any whole number - we will convert it into a fraction

Second step: Change the division operation to multiplication and swap the places of the numerator and denominator in the second fraction.

We will change the operation from divide to multiply and swap places between the numerator and the denominator in the fraction that is found after the divide sign.


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Third step: Multiply numerator by numerator and denominator by denominator

Let's look at an example

145:231\frac{4}{5}:\frac{2}{3}

Solution:
First step: We will convert the mixed number to a fraction.
We will obtain:
95:23=\frac{9}{5}:\frac{2}{3}=

Second step: We will change the division operation to multiplication and swap places between the numerator and the denominator in the fraction that is after the division sign.
We will obtain:

95×32=\frac{9}{5} \times \frac{3}{2}=

Third step: We will multiply numerator by numerator and denominator by denominator.
We will obtain:
9×35×2=\frac{9 \times 3}{5 \times 2}=

2710=2710\frac{27}{10}=2\frac{7}{10}

Click here for a more in-depth explanation on fraction division with more exercises.


Comparison of Fractions

When the numerators are equal and the denominators are different:
The larger fraction will be the one whose denominator is the smallest.
When the numerators are different and the denominators are equal:
The larger fraction will be the one whose numerator is the largest.
When both the numerators and the denominators are different:


Test your knowledge

First step

We will find the common denominator by expanding, simplifying, or multiplying the denominators. (Let's remember to multiply both the numerator and the denominator)
In case there is any mixed number, we will convert it into a fraction and then, we will find the common denominator.


Second step

When obtaining two fractions with the same denominator, the larger fraction will be the one whose numerator is greater.


Do you know what the answer is?

Let's look at some examples

Example 1

Place the corresponding sign  >,<,= >,<,=
510\frac{5}{10}_____________________58\frac{5}{8}

Solution:
The numerators are equal and the denominators are different, therefore, the larger fraction will be the one whose denominator is the smallest.


Example 2

Place the corresponding sign  >,<,= >,<,=

25\frac{2}{5}_____________________45\frac{4}{5}

Solution:
The numerators are different and the denominators are the same, therefore, the larger fraction will be the one whose numerator is greater.


Check your understanding

Example 3

Place the corresponding sign  >,<,= >,<,=

2462\frac{4}{6}_____________________1451\frac{4}{5}

Solution:
We will convert the mixed numbers into fractions. We obtain:
166\frac{16}{6}_____________________95\frac{9}{5}
Now we will find the common denominator. We obtain:

8030\frac{80}{30}_____________________5430\frac{54}{30}

When the denominators are equal, the larger fraction will be the one whose numerator is greater.


Examples and exercises with solutions for operations with fractions

Exercise #1

Solve the following exercise:

1315=? \frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}=\text{?}

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

To solve the problem 1315 \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1}{5} , we follow these steps:

First, we need to find a common denominator for the fractions 13\frac{1}{3} and 15\frac{1}{5}. The denominators are 3 and 5, and their least common multiple (LCM) is 15.

We will convert each fraction to an equivalent fraction with the denominator 15:

  • To convert 13\frac{1}{3} to a fraction with denominator 15, multiply both the numerator and the denominator by 5: 13=1×53×5=515 \frac{1}{3} = \frac{1 \times 5}{3 \times 5} = \frac{5}{15}
  • To convert 15\frac{1}{5} to a fraction with denominator 15, multiply both the numerator and the denominator by 3: 15=1×35×3=315 \frac{1}{5} = \frac{1 \times 3}{5 \times 3} = \frac{3}{15}

Now that both fractions have the same denominator, we can subtract the numerators:

515315=5315=215 \frac{5}{15} - \frac{3}{15} = \frac{5 - 3}{15} = \frac{2}{15}

Therefore, the solution to the problem is 215\frac{2}{15}.

Answer

215 \frac{2}{15}

Exercise #2

Solve the following exercise:

2413=? \frac{2}{4}-\frac{1}{3}=\text{?}

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

To solve this problem, we'll follow these steps:

  • Step 1: Find the common denominator for the fractions 24\frac{2}{4} and 13\frac{1}{3}.
  • Step 2: Convert each fraction to have the common denominator.
  • Step 3: Perform the subtraction and simplify if necessary.

Now, let's work through these steps:

Step 1: The denominators are 44 and 33. The common denominator is the product 4×3=124 \times 3 = 12.

Step 2: Convert each fraction:
24=2×34×3=612\frac{2}{4} = \frac{2 \times 3}{4 \times 3} = \frac{6}{12}
13=1×43×4=412\frac{1}{3} = \frac{1 \times 4}{3 \times 4} = \frac{4}{12}

Step 3: Subtract the fractions with a common denominator:
612412=6412=212\frac{6}{12} - \frac{4}{12} = \frac{6 - 4}{12} = \frac{2}{12}

Finally, simplify 212\frac{2}{12}. The greatest common divisor of 2 and 12 is 2, so:
212=2÷212÷2=16\frac{2}{12} = \frac{2 \div 2}{12 \div 2} = \frac{1}{6}

Therefore, the solution to the problem is 16\frac{1}{6}.

Answer

16 \frac{1}{6}

Exercise #3

Solve the following exercise:

3512=? \frac{3}{5}-\frac{1}{2}=\text{?}

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

To solve the subtraction of fractions 3512 \frac{3}{5} - \frac{1}{2} , we will follow these steps:

  • Step 1: Find the least common multiple (LCM) of the denominators 5 and 2. The LCM of 5 and 2 is 10.
  • Step 2: Convert each fraction to have a denominator of 10.
  • Step 3: Subtract the converted fractions.
  • Step 4: Simplify the result if necessary.

Now, let's work through each step in detail:

Step 1: The LCM of 5 and 2 is 10, since 10 is the smallest number that both 5 and 2 divide into evenly.

Step 2: Convert each fraction to have a denominator of 10.

For 35\frac{3}{5}:
Multiply numerator and denominator by 2 to get 3×25×2=610\frac{3 \times 2}{5 \times 2} = \frac{6}{10}.

For 12\frac{1}{2}:
Multiply numerator and denominator by 5 to get 1×52×5=510\frac{1 \times 5}{2 \times 5} = \frac{5}{10}.

Step 3: Subtract the fractions:

610510=6510=110\frac{6}{10} - \frac{5}{10} = \frac{6 - 5}{10} = \frac{1}{10}.

Step 4: There is no further simplification needed for 110\frac{1}{10} as it is already in its simplest form.

Therefore, the solution to the problem is 110\frac{1}{10}.

The correct answer, choice (4), is 110\frac{1}{10}.

Answer

110 \frac{1}{10}

Exercise #4

Solve the following exercise:

3514=? \frac{3}{5}-\frac{1}{4}=\text{?}

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

To solve the problem of subtracting 14 \frac{1}{4} from 35 \frac{3}{5} , we need a common denominator.

First, find the least common denominator (LCD) of 5 and 4, which is 20. This is done by multiplying the denominators: 5×4=20 5 \times 4 = 20 .

Next, convert each fraction to an equivalent fraction with the denominator of 20:

  • For 35 \frac{3}{5} : Multiply both numerator and denominator by 4 to get 3×45×4=1220 \frac{3 \times 4}{5 \times 4} = \frac{12}{20} .
  • For 14 \frac{1}{4} : Multiply both numerator and denominator by 5 to get 1×54×5=520 \frac{1 \times 5}{4 \times 5} = \frac{5}{20} .

Now perform the subtraction with these equivalent fractions:

1220520=12520=720 \frac{12}{20} - \frac{5}{20} = \frac{12 - 5}{20} = \frac{7}{20}

The resulting fraction, 720 \frac{7}{20} , is already in its simplest form.

Therefore, the solution to the subtraction 3514 \frac{3}{5} - \frac{1}{4} is 720 \frac{7}{20} .

Checking against the multiple-choice answers, the correct choice is the first one: 720 \frac{7}{20} .

Answer

720 \frac{7}{20}

Exercise #5

Solve the following exercise:

3513=? \frac{3}{5}-\frac{1}{3}=\text{?}

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

To solve the subtraction of fractions 3513 \frac{3}{5} - \frac{1}{3} , follow these steps:

  • Step 1: Find the Least Common Denominator (LCD)
    The denominators are 5 and 3. The least common multiple of 5 and 3 is 15. Thus, the common denominator will be 15.
  • Step 2: Convert fractions to have the same denominator
    For 35 \frac{3}{5} , multiply both the numerator and the denominator by 3 to get:
    35=3×35×3=915\frac{3}{5} = \frac{3 \times 3}{5 \times 3} = \frac{9}{15}.
    For 13 \frac{1}{3} , multiply both the numerator and the denominator by 5 to get:
    13=1×53×5=515\frac{1}{3} = \frac{1 \times 5}{3 \times 5} = \frac{5}{15}.
  • Step 3: Subtract the numerators
    Now subtract the equivalent fractions:
    915515=9515=415\frac{9}{15} - \frac{5}{15} = \frac{9 - 5}{15} = \frac{4}{15}.
  • Step 4: Simplify the fraction
    The fraction 415\frac{4}{15} is already in its simplest form.

Thus, the solution to the problem is 415\frac{4}{15}.

Answer

415 \frac{4}{15}

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