Domain of a Function Practice Problems & Solutions

Master finding domains of functions with step-by-step practice problems. Learn to identify restrictions from fractions, square roots, and rational functions.

πŸ“šPractice Finding Function Domains with Expert Solutions
  • Identify domain restrictions when variables appear in denominators
  • Find domains of functions with square roots and even roots
  • Solve rational function domain problems step-by-step
  • Master setting denominators not equal to zero
  • Determine allowed values for radical expressions
  • Apply domain concepts to complex algebraic functions

Understanding Domain of a Function

Complete explanation with examples

Domain of a Function

What is the Domain of a Function?

The domain of a function includes all those values of X X (independent variable) that, when substituted into the function, keep the function valid and defined.
In simple terms, the domain tells us what numbers we are allowed to plug into the function.

The domain of a function is an integral part of function analysis. Moreover, a definition set is required to create a graphical representation of the function.

How to Find the Domain:

The two most common cases where we encounter restrictions on the domain of a function are:

  1. A variable in the denominator of a fraction: The denominator cannot be zero, as division by zero is undefined.
  2. A variable under a square root or even root: The expression under the root cannot be negative, as square roots of negative numbers are not real numbers.

when we identify one (or more) of the cases, we need to solve it like we usually do, but instead of solving for the solution we'll solve to find the domain:

Variable in the Denominator:
  • Set the denominator not equal to zero denominatorβ‰ 0\text{denominator} \neq 0.
  • Solve the resulting equation to find the values to exclude from the domain.

Mathematical function F(X) = 1/X. Explanation of why X β‰  0 due to division by zero being undefined. Fundamental algebra and function domain restriction concept.

Variable Under a Square Root or Even Root:
  • Set the expression inside the root greater than or equal to zero expressionβ‰₯0\text{expression} \geq 0.
  • Solve the inequality to determine the allowed values for the domain.

Mathematical function F(X) = √X. Explanation that a square root cannot be negative, leading to the domain restriction X β‰₯ 0. Fundamental concept in algebra and function domains.

Although it might seem like most functions don’t have a specific domain, the reality is that every function has a domain. For many functions, the domain is all real numbers, meaning you can plug in any number. However, certain functions, like those with fractions or square roots, have restricted domains. for example, in this function: f(x)=1xf(x) = \frac{1}{x} the domain excludes certain numbers likeΒ x=0like~x=0 to avoid breaking mathematical rules.

Detailed explanation

Practice Domain of a Function

Test your knowledge with 22 quizzes

Look at the following function:

\( \frac{5}{x} \)

Does the function have a domain? If so, what is it?

Examples with solutions for Domain of a Function

Step-by-step solutions included
Exercise #1

Look at the following function:

2x+29x+6 \frac{2x+2}{9x+6}

What is the domain of the function?

Step-by-Step Solution

To solve this problem, we will determine the domain of the rational function by following these steps:

  • Step 1: Identify the denominator of the function, which is 9x+6 9x + 6 .
  • Step 2: Set the denominator equal to zero to find values of x x that need to be excluded from the domain: 9x+6=0 9x + 6 = 0 .
  • Step 3: Solve the equation 9x+6=0 9x + 6 = 0 for x x .
  • Step 4: To solve, subtract 6 from both sides to get 9x=βˆ’6 9x = -6 .
  • Step 5: Divide each side by 9 to solve for x x , resulting in x=βˆ’23 x = -\frac{2}{3} .
  • Step 6: The domain of the function excludes the value x=βˆ’23 x = -\frac{2}{3} since it makes the denominator zero.

Thus, the domain of the given function is all real numbers except x=βˆ’23 x = -\frac{2}{3} , expressed as xβ‰ βˆ’23 x \ne -\frac{2}{3} .

Therefore, the correct choice for the domain is: xβ‰ βˆ’23 x\ne-\frac{2}{3} .

Answer:

xβ‰ βˆ’23 x\ne-\frac{2}{3}

Video Solution
Exercise #2

Given the following function:

5βˆ’x2βˆ’x \frac{5-x}{2-x}

Does the function have a domain? If so, what is it?

Step-by-Step Solution

To determine the domain of the function 5βˆ’x2βˆ’x \frac{5-x}{2-x} , we need to identify and exclude any values of x x that make the function undefined. This occurs when the denominator equals zero.

  • Step 1: Set the denominator equal to zero:
    2βˆ’x=0 2-x = 0
  • Step 2: Solve for x x :
    Adding x x to both sides gives 2=x 2 = x . Hence, x=2 x = 2 .

This means that the function is undefined when x=2 x = 2 . Therefore, the domain of the function consists of all real numbers except x=2 x = 2 .

Thus, the domain is: x≠2 x \ne 2 .

The correct answer choice is:

Yes, x≠2 x\ne2

Answer:

Yes, x≠2 x\ne2

Video Solution
Exercise #3

Given the following function:

2421xβˆ’7 \frac{24}{21x-7}

What is the domain of the function?

Step-by-Step Solution

To determine the domain of the function 2421xβˆ’7 \frac{24}{21x-7} , we need to ensure that the denominator is not equal to zero.

Step 1: Set the denominator equal to zero and solve for x x :

  • 21xβˆ’7=0 21x - 7 = 0

  • 21x=7 21x = 7

  • x=721 x = \frac{7}{21}

  • x=13 x = \frac{1}{3}

The function is undefined when x=13 x = \frac{1}{3} because it would cause division by zero.

Step 2: The domain of the function is all real numbers except x=13 x = \frac{1}{3} .

Therefore, the domain of the function is all x x such that x≠13 x \neq \frac{1}{3} .

Thus, the correct answer is x≠13 \boxed{ x\ne\frac{1}{3}} .

Answer:

x≠13 x\ne\frac{1}{3}

Video Solution
Exercise #4

2xβˆ’3=4x 2x-3=\frac{4}{x}

What is the domain of the exercise?

Step-by-Step Solution

To solve this problem, we'll follow these steps:

  • Step 1: Identify the fraction's denominator.

  • Step 2: Determine where this denominator equals zero.

  • Step 3: Exclude this value from the domain.

Now, let's work through each step:

Step 1: The given equation is 2xβˆ’3=4x 2x - 3 = \frac{4}{x} . Notice that the fraction 4x\frac{4}{x} has a denominator of xx.

Step 2: Set the denominator equal to zero to determine where it is undefined.

x=0 \begin{aligned} x &= 0 \end{aligned}

Step 3: Since the expression is undefined at x=0x = 0, we must exclude this value from the domain.

Therefore, the domain of the expression is all real numbers except 0, formally stated as x≠0 x \neq 0 .

The correct solution to the problem is: x β‰  0.

Answer:

x≠0

Video Solution
Exercise #5

Given the following function:

128xβˆ’4 \frac{12}{8x-4}

What is the domain of the function?

Step-by-Step Solution

To find the domain of the function 128xβˆ’4 \frac{12}{8x-4} , we must determine when the denominator equals zero and exclude these values.

Step 1: Set the denominator equal to zero and solve for x x :

8xβˆ’4=0 8x - 4 = 0

Step 2: Solve the equation 8xβˆ’4=0 8x - 4 = 0 for x x :

Add 4 to both sides: 8x=4 8x = 4

Divide both sides by 8: x=48=12 x = \frac{4}{8} = \frac{1}{2}

Step 3: The value x=12 x = \frac{1}{2} is where the denominator becomes zero, so this value is excluded from the domain.

Therefore, the domain of the function is all real numbers except x=12 x = \frac{1}{2} .

The domain of the function is x≠12\boxed{x \ne \frac{1}{2}}.

Answer:

x≠12 x\ne\frac{1}{2}

Video Solution

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the domain of a function and why is it important?

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The domain of a function includes all values of the independent variable (x) that make the function valid and defined. It's crucial because it tells you exactly which numbers you can substitute into the function without breaking mathematical rules like division by zero.

How do you find the domain when there's a variable in the denominator?

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Set the denominator not equal to zero and solve for the restricted values. For example, if f(x) = 1/(x-3), set x-3 β‰  0, which gives x β‰  3. The domain is all real numbers except 3.

What are the domain restrictions for square root functions?

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For square root functions, the expression under the root must be greater than or equal to zero. Set the expression β‰₯ 0 and solve the inequality to find the allowed domain values.

Can a function have multiple domain restrictions?

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Yes, functions can have multiple restrictions. For example, f(x) = √(x+1)/(x-2) has two restrictions: x+1 β‰₯ 0 (from the square root) and x β‰  2 (from the denominator). The domain must satisfy both conditions.

What does it mean when we write x β‰  -2 for a domain?

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This notation means x cannot equal -2, but can be any other real number. It's typically used when -2 would make a denominator zero or create an undefined expression in the function.

How do you write domain restrictions in interval notation?

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Use parentheses for excluded values and brackets for included values. For x β‰  3, write (-∞, 3) βˆͺ (3, ∞). For x β‰₯ -5, write [-5, ∞). Multiple restrictions require union symbols to combine intervals.

Why can't we have negative numbers under square roots?

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In the real number system, square roots of negative numbers are undefined because no real number multiplied by itself gives a negative result. This creates a domain restriction requiring the expression under the root to be non-negative.

What's the domain of most polynomial functions?

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Most polynomial functions have a domain of all real numbers because you can substitute any value for x without creating undefined expressions. Restrictions only occur with fractions, roots, or other special operations.

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