Vertical Subtraction: Simple 3-digit subtraction

Let's solve the subtraction problem $105 - 3$:

Align the numbers vertically to ensure each digit is in the correct place value position:

• Write 105 as:
  $\begin{array}{c} 1 & 0 & 5 \\ \end{array}$

• Place 3 beneath 105 such that it aligns with the rightmost digit (units place):
  $\begin{array}{c} - & & 3 \\ \end{array}$

• Subtract each column starting from the rightmost side (units digit) to the left:

Step-by-step subtraction:

• Units column: $5 - 3 = 2$

• Tens column: There is nothing to subtract with 0, so it remains $0$.

• Hundreds column: Similarly, there is nothing to subtract, so it remains $1$.

Combine the results of these steps to find the answer:

The result of the subtraction $105 - 3 = 102$.

Therefore, the correct answer is $102$.

Let's solve the basic vertical subtraction problem where we subtract 4 from 157 step by step:

• Step 1: Write the numbers in a vertical format, ensuring to align them by place values.
  $\begin{array}{c} 157 \\ -\ 4 \\ \underline{\phantom{776}} \\ \end{array}$

• Step 2: Perform subtraction starting from the rightmost digit (the ones place).
  - Subtract 4 from 7 in the ones column, resulting in 3.

• Step 3: Since the number being subtracted, 4, has no digit in the tens and hundreds places, bring down the remaining digits from 157. These are 5 in the tens place and 1 in the hundreds place.

Thus, the result of subtracting 4 from 157 is $153$.

Among the options provided, choice 2 is the correct answer, which states 153.

Therefore, the solution to the problem is $153$.

To solve this problem, we will subtract using the vertical subtraction method:

• Step 1: Write the numbers vertically aligned by the right, with the larger number on top:
  $\begin{array}{c} 367 \\ - \phantom{3}5 \\ \hline \end{array}$
• Step 2: Subtract the rightmost column. Here, we have $7 - 5 = 2$.
  Write $2$ below the line.
• Step 3: Move to the next column on the left. The next column is $6$, and since there is nothing to subtract in this position, bring down the $6$.
• Step 4: Move to the leftmost column. The leftmost column is $3$, and similarly, bring down the $3$ since there is nothing to subtract in this column.

After following these steps, we find the result of the subtraction:

$367 - 5 = 362$

Therefore, the solution to the problem is $362$.

Let's solve the subtraction problem by following these steps:

First, align the numbers vertically:

$\begin{aligned} &478 \\ -& \\ &~~~~2 \\ &\underline{\phantom{776}} & \\ \end{aligned}$

Starting with the rightmost digits:

• In the units place, subtract $2$ from $8$: $8 - 2 = 6$.
• Since there are no other digits from the subtrahend, bring down the remaining digits as they are.

This results in:

$\begin{aligned} &476 \\ \end{aligned}$

Therefore, the solution to the problem is $476$.

Let's solve this subtraction problem step-by-step:

• Step 1: Align the numbers vertically by place value, ensuring units are aligned under units.
• Step 2: Start subtraction from the rightmost column (units column). Here, subtract 6 from 8 in the units place: $8 - 6 = 2$.
• Step 3: Since we have dealt with the units place, move one step to the left to the tens place. Here, subtract 0 (since nothing is being subtracted from this place after borrowing) from 7 in the tens place: $7 - 0 = 7$.
• Step 4: Finally, move to the hundreds place. Subtract 0 from 5 (again, no borrowing affects this place): $5 - 0 = 5$.

After completing the steps, the subtraction gives us the result.

Therefore, the solution to the problem is $572$.

To solve this problem, we'll follow these steps:

• Step 1: Write the numbers in vertical format, aligning by place values. The minuend is $677$ and the subtrahend is $22$.

• Step 2: Start subtracting from the rightmost column (units). Subtract $2$ from $7$, which results in $5$.

• Step 3: Move to the tens column. Subtract $2$ from $7$, which leaves $5$.

• Step 4: In the hundreds column, there's nothing to subtract from $6$, so we retain $6$.

The subtraction looks like this:

$\begin{aligned} 677& \\ -~ 22& \\ \underline{\phantom{7760}} \\ 655& \\ \end{aligned}$

Thus, the solution to the problem is $655$.

To solve this problem, we will perform vertical subtraction as follows:

• Step 1: Write the numbers vertically and align digits by place value:
        $867$
  $-~~42$
• Step 2: Start subtracting from the units place:
        $7 - 2 = 5$
• Step 3: Move to the tens place:
        $6 - 4 = 2$
• Step 4: Finally, subtract the hundreds place:
        $8 - 0 = 8$ (nothing was borrowed here)

Putting it all together, the result of $867 - 42$ is $825$.

Therefore, the solution to the problem is $825$.

To solve this problem, we will perform the subtraction $965 - 34$ as follows:

• Step 1: Subtract the units place.
  We have $5 - 4 = 1$.
  Write $1$ in the units place of the result.
• Step 2: Subtract the tens place.
  We have $6 - 3 = 3$.
  Write $3$ in the tens place of the result.
• Step 3: Subtract the hundreds place.
  We have $9 - 0 = 9$ (since the hundred’s place of the subtrahend is essentially $0$ for alignment).
  Write $9$ in the hundreds place of the result.

By combining these results, we see that the subtraction $965 - 34$ yields $931$.

Therefore, the solution to the problem is $931$.

To solve the problem of subtracting 78 from 988 using vertical subtraction, follow these steps:

Step 1: Write the numbers vertically, aligning by place values:
$\begin{array}{c} 988 \\ -~078~~~~ \\ \underline{\phantom{7760}} \end{array}$

Step 2: Start the subtraction from the rightmost column (the ones place). Subtract 8 from 8 to get 0.

Step 3: Move to the tens column. The numbers are 8 - 7. This gives us 1.

Step 4: Move to the hundreds column. The numbers are 9 - 0. This gives us 9.

The result of the subtraction is:

$\begin{array}{c} 988 \\ -~078~~~~ \\ \overline{910} \end{array}$

Therefore, the solution to the problem is $910$.

To solve this problem, we'll follow these steps:

• Step 1: Align the numbers 178 and 125 vertically by place value:
  $\begin{array}{c} 178 \\ -125~~~ \\ \underline{\phantom{777}} \\ \end{array}$

• Step 2: Subtract beginning with the units column on the right:
  "8" minus "5" results in "3".

• Step 3: Proceed to the tens column:
  "7" minus "2" results in "5".

• Step 4: Move to the hundreds column:
  "1" minus "1" results in "0".

Therefore, the solution to the subtraction problem $178 - 125$ is $53$.

To solve this subtraction problem, we will use the vertical subtraction method as follows:

Step 1: Align the numbers vertically.
We write 248 over 135, ensuring that corresponding digits are aligned correctly, particularly the units, tens, and hundreds places.

\begin{array}{c} 248 \\ - 135 \\ \hline \end{array}

Step 2: Subtract column by column from right to left.

• Units column: $8 - 5 = 3$. Write 3 under the units column.

• Tens column: $4 - 3 = 1$. Write 1 under the tens column.

• Hundreds column: $2 - 1 = 1$. Write 1 under the hundreds column.

The subtraction does not require any borrowing as each digit in the minuend is greater than or equal to the corresponding digit in the subtrahend.

Step 3: Combine the results.
From left to right, the result is 113.

Therefore, the solution to the subtraction problem is $113$, which corresponds to choice 4.

To solve this problem, we'll use the standard algorithm for subtraction performed in a vertical format. Here are the steps:

• Step 1: Write the numbers in vertical form, aligning the digits by place value, with 376 above 136.
• Step 2: Begin subtracting from the rightmost digit (units place).
  Units place: $6$ from $6$. Resulting digit is $0$.
• Step 3: Move to the tens place, subtract $3$ from $7$. Resulting digit is $4$.
• Step 4: Move to the hundreds place, subtract $1$ from $3$. Resulting digit is $2$.

Therefore, the calculation looks like this:

$\begin{array}{c} & 376 \\ - & 136 \\ \hline & 240 \\ \end{array}$

As such, the solution to this subtraction problem is $240$.

To solve the given subtraction problem $431 - 210$ using vertical subtraction, we’ll follow these steps:

Step 1: Align the numbers vertically:

$\begin{aligned} &431 \\ -&\\ &210 \\ \end{aligned}$

Step 2: Subtract each column starting from the right (units place) and moving to the left (hundreds place):

• Units place: Subtract $0$ from $1$.
  The result is $1 - 0 = 1$.

• Tens place: Subtract $1$ from $3$.
  The result is $3 - 1 = 2$.

• Hundreds place: Subtract $2$ from $4$.
  The result is $4 - 2 = 2$.

Step 3: Write the answer from each result of subtraction:

$\begin{aligned} &431 \\ -&\\ &210 \\ \underline{\phantom{35}}&\underline{\phantom{3005}} \\ &221 \\ \end{aligned}$

Therefore, the solution to the subtraction problem is $221$.

To solve this subtraction problem, we follow these straightforward steps:

• Step 1: Arrange the numbers vertically, with the minuend (537) on top and the subtrahend (216) below it, aligning respective digits by placeholders (ones, tens, hundreds).
• Step 2: Subtract digits starting from the rightmost column (units place). Subtract 6 from 7 to get 1.
• Step 3: Move to the next column to the left (tens place). Subtract 1 from 3 to get 2.
• Step 4: Move to the hundreds place, where 5 minus 2 equals 3.

Now, let's explain each step in detail:

Step 1: Align the numbers:
$\begin{array}{c} \phantom{0}537 \\ -216 \\ \hline \phantom{0}??? \\ \end{array}$

Step 2: Start with the rightmost column (units). Subtract 6 from 7. As 7 is greater than 6, this is straightforward:
$7 - 6 = 1$

Step 3: Move to the tens column. Here, subtract 1 from 3. Again, since 3 is greater than 1:
$3 - 1 = 2$

Step 4: Now for the hundreds column. Subtract 2 from 5:
$5 - 2 = 3$

Putting it all together, we find that the result is 321.

Therefore, the solution to the problem is $537 - 216 = 321$.