Simplify a¹² ÷ a⁹ × a³ ÷ a⁴: Exponent Manipulation Practice

Question

Simplify the following:

a12a9×a3a4= \frac{a^{12}}{a^9}\times\frac{a^3}{a^4}=

Video Solution

Solution Steps

00:00 Simply
00:03 When dividing powers with equal bases
00:07 The power of the result equals the difference of the exponents
00:10 We'll use this formula in our exercise, and subtract the exponents
00:24 When multiplying powers with equal bases
00:27 The power of the result equals the sum of the exponents
00:30 We'll use this formula in our exercise, and add the exponents
00:40 And this is the solution to the question

Step-by-Step Solution

First, we'll enter the same fraction using the multiplication law between fractions, by multiplying numerator by numerator and denominator by denominator:

xywz=xwyz \frac{x}{y}\cdot\frac{w}{z}=\frac{x\cdot w}{y\cdot z}

Let's return to the problem and apply the above law:

a12a9a3a4=a12a3a9a4 \frac{a^{12}}{a^9}\cdot\frac{a^3}{a^4}=\frac{a^{12}\cdot a^3}{a^{^9}\cdot a^4}

From here on we will no longer indicate the multiplication sign, but use the conventional writing method where placing terms next to each other means multiplication.

Now we'll notice that both in the numerator and denominator, multiplication is performed between terms with identical bases, therefore we'll use the power law for multiplication between terms with the same base:

bmbn=bm+n b^m\cdot b^n=b^{m+n}

Note that this law can only be used to calculate multiplication between terms with identical bases.

Let's return to the problem and calculate separately the results of multiplication in the numerator and denominator:

a12a3a9a4=a12+3a9+4=a15a13 \frac{a^{12}a^3}{a^{^9}a^4}=\frac{a^{12+3}}{a^{9+4}}=\frac{a^{15}}{a^{13}}

where in the last step we calculated the sum of the exponents.

Now, we'll notice that we need to perform division (fraction=division operation between numerator and denominator) between terms with identical bases, therefore we'll use the power law for division between terms with the same base:

bmbn=bmn \frac{b^m}{b^n}=b^{m-n}

Note that this law can only be used to calculate division between terms with identical bases.

Let's return to the problem and apply the above law:

a15a13=a1513=a2 \frac{a^{15}}{a^{13}}=a^{15-13}=a^2

where in the last step we calculated the result of subtraction in the exponent.

We got the most simplified expression possible and therefore we're done,

therefore the correct answer is D.

Answer

a2 a^2