Addition and Subtraction of Algebraic Fractions - Examples, Exercises and Solutions

The key to adding or subtracting algebraic fractions is to make all denominators equal, that is, to find the common denominator.
To do this, we will need to factorize according to the different methods we have learned.

Action steps:

  1. We will factorize all the denominators we have.
  2. We will note the common denominator and, in this way, we will know how to meticulously carry out the third step.
  3. We will multiply each of the numerators by the same number that we need to multiply its denominator in order to reach the common denominator.
  4. We will write the exercise with a single denominator, the common denominator, and among the numerators, we will keep the same mathematical operations that were in the original exercise.
  5. After opening the parentheses, it may happen that we encounter another expression that needs to be factorized. We will factorize it and see if we can simplify it.
  6. We will obtain a common fraction and solve it.

Suggested Topics to Practice in Advance

  1. Factoring using contracted multiplication
  2. Factorization
  3. Extracting the common factor in parentheses
  4. Factorization: Common factor extraction
  5. Factoring Trinomials

Practice Addition and Subtraction of Algebraic Fractions

Examples with solutions for Addition and Subtraction of Algebraic Fractions

Exercise #1

Select the domain of the following fraction:

8+x5 \frac{8+x}{5}

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

The domain depends on the denominator and we can see that there is no variable in the denominator.

Therefore, the domain is all numbers.

Answer

All numbers

Exercise #2

Select the the domain of the following fraction:

6x \frac{6}{x}

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

The domain of a fraction depends on the denominator.

Since you cannot divide by zero, the denominator of a fraction cannot equal zero.

Therefore, for the fraction 6x \frac{6}{x} , the domain is "All numbers except 0," since the denominator cannot equal zero.

In other words, the domain is:

x0 x\ne0

Answer

All numbers except 0

Exercise #3

Determine if the simplification below is correct:

5883=53 \frac{5\cdot8}{8\cdot3}=\frac{5}{3}

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Let's consider the fraction and break it down into two multiplication exercises:

88×53 \frac{8}{8}\times\frac{5}{3}

We simplify:

1×53=53 1\times\frac{5}{3}=\frac{5}{3}

Answer

Correct

Exercise #4

Determine if the simplification shown below is correct:

778=8 \frac{7}{7\cdot8}=8

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Let's consider the fraction and break it down into two multiplication exercises:

77×18 \frac{7}{7}\times\frac{1}{8}

We simplify:

1×18=18 1\times\frac{1}{8}=\frac{1}{8}

Therefore, the described simplification is false.

Answer

Incorrect

Exercise #5

Determine if the simplification below is correct:

484=18 \frac{4\cdot8}{4}=\frac{1}{8}

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

We will divide the fraction exercise into two multiplication exercises:

44×81= \frac{4}{4}\times\frac{8}{1}=

We simplify:

1×81=8 1\times\frac{8}{1}=8

Therefore, the described simplification is false.

Answer

Incorrect

Exercise #6

Determine if the simplification below is correct:

3773=0 \frac{3\cdot7}{7\cdot3}=0

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

We will divide the fraction exercise into two different multiplication exercises.

As this is a multiplication exercise, you can use the substitution property:

77×33=1×1=1 \frac{7}{7}\times\frac{3}{3}=1\times1=1

Therefore, the simplification described is false.

Answer

Incorrect

Exercise #7

Determine if the simplification below is correct:

6363=1 \frac{6\cdot3}{6\cdot3}=1

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

We simplify the expression on the left side of the approximate equality:

=?11=!1 \frac{\textcolor{red}{\not{6}}\cdot\textcolor{blue}{\not{3}}}{\textcolor{red}{\not{6}}\cdot\textcolor{blue}{\not{3}}}\stackrel{?}{= }1\\ \downarrow\\ 1\stackrel{!}{= }1 therefore, the described simplification is correct.

Therefore, the correct answer is A.

Answer

Correct

Exercise #8

Complete the corresponding expression for the denominator

16ab?=8a \frac{16ab}{?}=8a

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Using the formula:

xy=zwxy=zy \frac{x}{y}=\frac{z}{w}\xrightarrow{}x\cdot y=z\cdot y

We first convert the 8 into a fraction, and multiply

16ab?=81 \frac{16ab}{?}=\frac{8}{1}

16ab×1=8a 16ab\times1=8a

16ab=8a 16ab=8a

We then divide both sides by 8a:

16ab8a=8a8a \frac{16ab}{8a}=\frac{8a}{8a}

2b 2b

Answer

2b 2b

Exercise #9

Complete the corresponding expression for the denominator

12ab?=1 \frac{12ab}{?}=1

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Let's examine the problem:

12ab?=1 \frac{12ab}{?}=1 Now let's think logically, and remember the known fact that dividing any number by itself always yields the result 1,

Therefore, in order to get the result 1 from dividing two numbers, the only way is to divide the number by itself, meaning-

The missing expression in the denominator of the fraction on the left side is the complete expression that appears in the numerator of the same fraction:

12ab 12ab .

Therefore- the correct answer is answer D.

Answer

12ab 12ab

Exercise #10

Determine if the simplification described below is correct:

x+6y+6=xy \frac{x+6}{y+6}=\frac{x}{y}

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

We use the formula:

x+zy+z=x+zy+z \frac{x+z}{y+z}=\frac{x+z}{y+z}

x+6y+6=x+6y+6 \frac{x+6}{y+6}=\frac{x+6}{y+6}

Therefore, the simplification described is incorrect.

Answer

Incorrect

Exercise #11

Determine if the simplification below is correct:

3xx+3=0 \frac{3-x}{-x+3}=0

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

zxx+z=1 \frac{z-x}{-x+z}=1

Answer

Incorrect

Exercise #12

Indicate whether true or false

abca=cb \frac{a\cdot b}{c\cdot a}=\frac{c}{b}

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Let's examine the problem first:

abca=?cb \frac{a\cdot b}{c\cdot a} \stackrel{?}{= } \frac{c}{b} Note that we can simplify the expression on the left side, this can be done by reducing the fraction:

bc=bc \frac{\not{a}\cdot b}{c\cdot \not{a}} =\\ \boxed{\frac{b}{c}} However the expression on the right side is:

cb \frac{c}{b} Therefore the expressions on both sides of the (assumed) equation are not equal, meaning:

abca=bc!cb \frac{a\cdot b}{c\cdot a}=\frac{b}{c} \stackrel{!}{\neq } \frac{c}{b}

(In other words, there is no identity equation- which is true for all possible parameter values a,b,c a,b,c )

Therefore the correct answer is answer B.

Answer

Not true

Exercise #13

Indicate whether true or false

caac=0 \frac{c\cdot a}{a\cdot c}=0

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Let's simplify the expression on the left side of the proposed equation:

=?01=?0 \frac{\not{c}\cdot \not{a}}{\not{a}\cdot \not{c}}\stackrel{?}{= }0 \\ 1 \stackrel{?}{= }0 Clearly, we get a false statement because: 1 is different from: 0

1!0 \boxed{ 1 \stackrel{!}{\neq }0} Therefore, the proposed equation is not correct,

Which means the correct answer is answer B.

Answer

Not true

Exercise #14

Indicate whether true or false

a2bac=abc \frac{a^2\cdot b}{a\cdot c}=\frac{a\cdot b}{c}

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Let's examine the problem first:

a2bac=?abc \frac{a^2\cdot b}{a\cdot c} \stackrel{?}{= }\frac{a\cdot b}{c} Note that we can simplify the expression on the left side, this can be done by reducing the fraction, for this, let's recall the definition of exponents:

a2bac=abc=abc \frac{\textcolor{red}{a^2}\cdot b}{a\cdot c} =\\ \frac{\textcolor{red}{\not{a}}\cdot a\cdot b}{\not{a}\cdot c}=\\ \boxed{\frac{ a\cdot b}{c}}\\ The expression on the right side is also:

abc \frac{a\cdot b}{c} Therefore the expressions on both sides of the equation (assumed to be true) are indeed equal, meaning:

a2bac=abc=!abc \frac{a^2\cdot b}{a\cdot c}= \frac{a\cdot b}{c} \stackrel{!}{= }\frac{a\cdot b}{c}

(In other words, an identity equation holds- which is true for all possible values of the parameters a,b,c a,b,c )

Therefore, the correct answer is answer A.

Answer

True

Exercise #15

Indicate whether true or false

acc2b=acb \frac{a\cdot c}{c^2b}=\frac{a}{c\cdot b}

Video Solution

Step-by-Step Solution

Let's examine the problem first:

acc2b=?acb \frac{a\cdot c}{c^2\cdot b}\stackrel{?}{= }\frac{a}{c\cdot b} Note that we can simplify the expression on the left side, this can be done by reducing the fraction, for this, let's recall the definition of exponents:

acc2b=acb=acb \frac{a\cdot c}{\textcolor{red}{c^2}b} =\\ \frac{a\cdot \not{c}}{\textcolor{red}{\not{c}\cdot c}\cdot b}=\\ \boxed{\frac{a}{c\cdot b}}\\ The expression on the right side is also:

acb \frac{a}{c\cdot b} Therefore the expressions on both sides of the equation (assumed - that holds) are indeed equal, meaning:

acc2b=acb=!acb \frac{a\cdot c}{c^2b}= \frac{a}{c\cdot b}\stackrel{!}{= }\frac{a}{c\cdot b}

(In other words, an identity equation holds - which is true for all possible values of the parameters a,b,c a,b,c )

Therefore, the correct answer is answer A.

Answer

True

Topics learned in later sections

  1. Algebraic Fractions
  2. Simplifying Algebraic Fractions
  3. Factoring Algebraic Fractions
  4. Multiplication and Division of Algebraic Fractions
  5. Solving Equations by Factoring
  6. Uses of Factorization